Paper Tests Microsoft Phi Model Against Human Cooperation Data

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Diagram drawn for this item: Paper Tests Microsoft Phi Model Against Human Cooperation Data. On October 21, 2026, researchers Raina Gao and Tristan Raffo posted a paper comparing five open-source language models, among them Microsoft's Phi Mini MoE Instruct, against published human cooperation data from repeated Prisoner's Dilemma... For anyone weighing whether a small, freely downloadable model can stand in for a human test subject in a behavioral study, this paper is a caution rather than an endorsement: a lab that swaps a panel of people for a batch of model calls...
A new paper tests whether open-source models, including Microsoft's Phi Mini MoE Instruct, can reproduce how humans actually cooperate in repeated Prisoner's Dilemma games.
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